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Poplar tremuloides

American Aspen Tree; White Poplar


#poplar #aspen #trees #north_american
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Ezekiel 47:12 "And by the river upon the bank thereof, on this side and on that side, shall grow all trees for meat, whose leaf shall not fade, neither shall the fruit thereof be consumed: it shall bring forth new fruit according to his months, because their waters they issued out of the sanctuary: and the fruit thereof shall be for meat, and the leaf thereof for medicine."


Nicknames: American Aspen; Poplar Tree; Quaking aspen, Trembling aspen, Mountain or Golden Aspen, Trembling Poplar, White Poplar, and Popple;[1]


Classification: Deciduous; According to the U.S. Forest Service, they usually don't live over 150 years of age.[11] By the way, Deciduous means it sheds its leaves yearly. These trees are usually sold and planted by the root rather than seed, but seeds are also available.


Plant Family: Salicaceae; Genus: Populus; Species: P. tremuloides;[1]


Ethnobotany: The leaves, bark, and buds were used by Native Americans as medicine with tonic, diuretic, stimulant, and febrifuge properties.[2] It's used to treat faintness, hysteria, neuralgia, diabetes, hay fever, and cholera.[2] 1 teaspoonful of the leaves, buds or bark to 1 cupful of boiling water one to two times per day is suggested.[2] For tinctures use 1/2 1 fl dram.[2] Cosmetically, Poplar acts as a tonic and conditioner.[2] Entrepaneurs who make their own custom botanical products keep this in mind! Native Americans used a wash made from the tree topically as well for its healing properties.[2] The Aspen tree bark contains an alternative to the natural substance called quinine, and was heavily extracted by the native Americans as well for such purposes.[2] Quinine is a natural medicine that is produced by plants.[3] Cinchona officinalis is just one example of plants that produce Quinine.[4]


Natural Habitat: North America;


OG Observations: There isn't tons of data on this plant but there are some scholarly sources on it. This page is a good combination of indigenous use and science. I found a .edu that says American Aspen(Poplar) is in the Willow family![8] Willow is the tree that is used in the mass production of Aspirin[9], so perhaps the Aspen tree shares some of its properties. It's very possible that it produces some of the same constituents. On that note, I decided to see if my hunch was correct, and searched the scholarly databases for "poplar tremuloides salicylic acid", and doing so I found a source that states: "Associations of salicylate-like phenolic glycosides (PGs) with biological activity have been reported in Salix and Populus trees, but only for a few compounds."[10] I list those phytochemicals mentioned below.


Phytochemicals: Phytochemicals are complex God-made medicines that are produced by plants and contained within them. The Poplar tremuloides species produces something called (1S,2S)-1-[4-O-E-coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy]cyclohexanediol, which is a phytochemical constituent of the tree, meaning it has medicinal properties.[5] There's not tons of academic literature on this plant, but there are some good thorough scholarly sources on it. One such study that I cite, states that 24 phenolic compounds were found in the leaf and buds.[6] One of them was never reported in literature before![when this research was published anyway][6] Poplar tremuloides(Aspen) produces: tremulacin, tremuloidin, salicin, and salicortin), and five PGs (2'-O-cinnamoyl-salicortin, 2'-O-acetyl-salicortin, 2'-O-acetyl-salicin, acetyl-tremulacin, and salicyloyl-salicin).[10]


Pharmacological / Medicinal Properties: American Aspen tree(Poplar tremuloides) produces phenolic compounds which have been scientifically studied for their medicinal properties with positive results.[6] "Phenolic compounds can inhibit enzymes associated with the development of human diseases and have been used to treat various common human ailments, including hypertension, metabolic problems, incendiary infections, and neurodegenerative diseases."[7] Tremulacin, a phytochemical component of Aspen, has been studied for its anti-inflammatory effects.[12] It is a salicin-related substance that has been isolated from Populus tomentosa.[12]


Related Ethnobotanicals: Abronia fragrams(Prairie Snowball) | Adders Tongue(Erythronium americanum) | Silk Tree(Albizia julibrissin) | Alepidea amatymbica | Amyris demifera


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Statements and items are not intended to diagnose, treat, or cure, any ailments, conditions, or diseases. That would be terrible right? Not evaluated or approved by the FDA. Consult your healthcare provider first. I hope your healthcare provider is the Lord.

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Academic citations:

[3] https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Quinine

[4] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1767225/

[5] Pichette, Andre, et al. "Cytotoxic phenolic compounds in leaf buds of Populus tremuloides." Canadian journal of chemistry 88.2 (2010): 104-110.

[6] EFTEKHARI, AZADEH. "CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY ON CONSTITUENTS OFPOPULUS TREMULOIDES BUDS." (2009).

[7] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8746501/

[8] https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/populus-tremuloides/

[9] White Willow Bark Aspirin: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6496865/

[10] Abreu, Ilka Nacif, et al. "UHPLC-ESI/TOFMS determination of salicylate-like phenolic gycosides in Populus tremula leaves." Journal of chemical ecology 37 (2011): 857-870.

[11] https://www.fs.usda.gov/wildflowers/beauty/aspen/grow.shtml

[12] Cheng, G. F., et al. "Antiinflammatory effects of Tremulacin, a Salicin-related substance isolated from Populus tomentosa Carr. leaves." Phytomedicine 1.3 (1994): 209-211.

Book Citations:

[2] Hutchens, Alma R. Indian Herbalogy of North America. Boston ; London, Shambhala, 1991.

Encyclopedia Sources:

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populus_tremuloides

Plants For A Future Archive

Other resources:

M.A.P.S. Ethnobotanical Studies By Scholars

PubChem - pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Google Scholar

Jstor.org

NeuroSoup Huge Drug Database

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