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Gomortega keule Tree
ethnobotanical title name here
Ecclesiastes 3:1 "There is a time and a purpose for everything under the heavens."
Nicknames: Known locally as: Keule and hualhual[1]
Ethnobotany: Definition: Ethnobotany is the study of the cultural use of plants, which typically encompases a general focus on the religious use of these ethnobotanicals. [They are the various fruits from the trees of knowledge from the book of Genesis, and the famous scholars known as the Mckenna brothers subscribe to this belief as well][3] I link to a blog I wrote on this in full detail, in the [links] section at the bottom of the page. Gomortega keule is used by the Mapuche Indians as a psychoactive drug.[1] The effects are suspected of being hallucinogenic.[1] Anyway, it is a fact that the fruit, especially fresh, are inebriating.[1] Phytochemist haven't yet identified the active components.[1] It's said that the resin produced by the leaves is so sticky, that chewing the leaves results in them sticking to the teeth.[1] In Chile, a sweet beverage with the fruit is made to drink.[4] The scholars who spoke with locals said that "A woman stated that for jam preparation, fruits are previously soaked in water"[4] Some non-religious ethnobotanical applications of Keuele are: making liquor, using the leaves for flavouring, the endocarps make good marbles, and the bark for dye and firewood[4] The wood is often exported to Peru[4] They are harvested from April to June, and from the forest floor.[4]
Warnings: Sources state that: 69% of the informants mentioned drunkenness, specifying dizziness, headaches, vomiting and stomach ache, especially when eating more than three to four immature fruits"[x] This tells us a great deal about the nature of them being used in a religious or "entheogenic"(pharmakeia) context.. as well as their potency. How mature or ripe the fruit are has an impact on the end results that it produces when consumed it seems. Kuele sounds like a dilerant to me(a psychoactive poison) It is very common for dilerants to be labeled "hallucinogenic". It's important to note that while a lot of cultures consumed certain things that are said to be "hallucinogenic", that often times they're a dilerant(psychoactive poison). Not all drugs are created equal.
Classification: Gomertega keuele may once have been used as a narcotic[2](Mariani Ramirez, 1965; Mechoulam & Gaoni, 1965). One academic source states that "its fruits are intoxicating, especially when fresh, due possibly to an essential oil."[2] It is a possible dilerant, or 'hallucinogen'. I find hallucinogen inaccurate, and believe dilerant to be more appropriate term for referencing highly toxic and highly poisonous 'hallucinogens'.
Plant Family/Description: Keule is the tallest tree in Chile.[1] The wood of the tree is red, and the leaves, when crushed and or rubbed between the fingers, produce the scent of rosemary and spirits of turpentine, indicating a similar terpene profile.[1] By the terpene profile we can get an idea of the pharmacological properties that the tree has.; The fruits are about the size of hens eggs[1] It was funny, when I was reading the scholarly source and typing up these facts, this particular line reminded me of the book of Genesis from the bible, and the story of the fruit of the tree of knowledge, "they are lustrous and of a yellow colour that invites one to eat them." "and because she saw that the fruit was good for food and pleasing to the eye, and desired to make one wise, she did eat thereof"(Genesis 3:6)
Natural Habitat: Chili[1] Note: Endangered species According to one scholarly source: "another species of keule grows in the forests from Arauco to Valdivia, but I have seen only pits of the fruit, which are more pointed at one end and smaller than those of our species." These facts are really important for entrepaneurs who want to source these ethnobotanicals for sale, because they tell you what locations to search for people to network with(what countries to look for sellers from so you can find it to buy and invest in). Unfortunately, socialist have made it much more difficult for entrepaneurs to network due to social media oppression and shadow banning. I suggest using a platform called mewe.com, as they don't do these things, nor do they delete kratom sellers accounts. Note they're also deleting facebook accounts.
Warning: Large amounts of the fruit being consumed seems to bring on headaches[1]
Legality: I don't think so, a quick Google search renders zero results. This is one of a few I have coming that most people don't seem to know or talk about today. They only know the popular ones that were made that way by guys like Bouncing Bear back in the day.
Mixes well with: [?] I have no experience with this stuff, so I can't say. The input that I enter in this section comes from personal experience. I'm a Christian now but I have a witch girlfriend at one time. and I was an affiliate marketer for Bouncing Bear Botanicals, among many others. Edens Ethno's was in my circle, and other millionaries. I would learn about ethnobotanicals and their phytochemicals pharmacology on the side, as well as pagan cultures and their practices. I even practiced them myself. I literally wound up being hunted by the satanic temple and neo nazi's in the end, and investigated by the FBI, DEA, and SRCSO. It was pretty cool. You're not a bad ass until the government comes after you. I feel accomplished. I'm glad to be a free man. I never broke the law the whole time. It was fun. I was seduced by a witch, moving on..
Related Ethnobotanicals: Ungnadia speciosa | Olmedioperebea sclerophylla, psychoactive | Pagamea maerophylla
What is Phytochemistry? What are Phytochemicals?
Phytochemistry is very similar to pharmacognosy. It is the study of the pharmacological(medicinal) phytochemicals that plants create. Generally, it is the ethnobotanicals that ethnobotanist learn about which are utilized by various cultures in religious and shamanic practices, and or just indiginous herbal remedies that people use to treat various aliments, diseases, and conditions, that phytochemist study in the lab. In other words, herbal remedies have been studied by scientist in the lab for their pharmacology(potential use as medicine). We know a great deal about how these supplements work, and that they do in fact work. The serpent behind serpent medical doesn't want the planet to be healthy however, and would rather force us to all eat of the tree of death.Phytochemicals:
Some scholars argue that glycoalkaloids are present, and that they would be inactivated with heat when fruits are processed, and that those chemical components would be responsible for any type of psychaoctive effects, however others claim those phytochemicals can't be found within the plant[4]. At first I thought I woulnd't be able to find any data on this aspect of Keule. but then... I found a study where it says "Fruits from endangered Gomortega keule were studied for the first time."[5] The results should be interesting... Phytochemist have found 8 antioxidant compounds like rare highly oxygenated coumarins, chloregenic acid, and rutin.[5] The fruits also contain phenolic and flavonoid contents.[5] The fruits are anti-oxidant.[5] Cinnamoyl-glucoside has also been isolated from it, as well as dimethlfraxetin[5] Other than that I've scoured the academic databases, and there just doesn't appear to be a lot of information out there on phytochemical analysis of this specimin. It's another one of those boring ones with little information on out there. I hope by making these trend, that researchers will catch on and we can bring more data to the mainstream, and cool new products to the ethnobotanical community.What is pharmacognosy? According to Wikipedia: "Pharmacognosy is the study of crude drugs obtained from medicinal plants, animals, fungi, and other natural sources. The American Society of Pharmacognosy defines pharmacognosy as "the study of the physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of drugs, drug substances, or potential drugs or drug substances of natural origin as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources". It's very confusing, and very similar to phytochemistry. These fields that I discuss throughout this website are all neighbors, and very closely related.. They all rely on one another. They're like different fields of study pertaining to the same phenomena, but just studying them from a different angel or aspect.
Pharmacological / Medicinal Properties:
Very little can be found on this subject. [UPDATE: I found a good source on this and will update this page later, and the phytochemicals section. Source #5] It seems to be more toxic and dilerant than anything. I'm not a dilerant kind of guy. One source does state that the aromatic leaves have a medicinal oil.[4] It also states that the species has healing and balsamic properties[4] Not a lot of details can be easily found on its medicinal properties, if any. In the first few sources that I looked at, I didn't see any mention of any phytochemicals, seems studies are lack, but I am looking still. As far as Aromatherapy goes: Gomortega keule is added to hot beverages in its native habitat in order to enhance the flavour.[4] In the eighteenth century, a Spanish naturalist named Hipólito Ruiz noted the signifigance of the smell of the leaves of keule.[4] It sounds similar to Eucalyptus.OG Observation: In my opinion, many times ethnobotanicals such as this which are 'suspected' of being 'hallucinogenic', are actually dilerants... but a lot of people call dilerants hallucinogens.. The word dilerant is not popular, but a psychoactive poison is a dilerant. Keep in mind however, anything that is known to contain high amounts of something toxic, or deadly, and is also suspected of being 'hallucinogenic', is actually a dilerant. It's a psychoactive poison. I'm actually disappointed in the scholars, and I feel that some of the famous ethnobotanist didn't have the best discernment in terms of the nature of the pharmacology to some of these specimens.. Some of the data is limited, and often times they theirselves are unsure whether or not the species really is a full blown 'hallucinogen'... However, generally speaking, in my knowledge, anything that's repoted to be highly toxic that's suspected of being a 'hallucinogen', or used in an entheogenic context, is what I could call a dilerant(a psychoactive poison), and not anything you want to consume.
More HerbsPedia Blogs:
Buy Keule Here! (Gomortega keule)
Links:
Academic citations:
[1] Mentioned, Psychoactive Plants. "Peruvian and Chilean Psychoactive Plants Mentioned in Ruiz's Relacibn (1777-1788)." Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 15 (1983): 4.
[2] Du Toit, B. M. (Ed.). (1977). Drugs, rituals and altered states of consciousness. Rotterdam: AA Balkema.
[3] Brown, J. B., & Brown, J. M. (2016). The psychedelic gospels: The secret history of hallucinogens in Christianity. Simon and Schuster.
[4] Muñoz-Concha, Diego, and A. Garrido-Werner. "Ethnobotany of gomortega keule, an endemic and endangered Chilean tree." New Zealand Journal of Botany 49.4 (2011): 509-513.
[5] Simirgiotis, Mario J., et al. "Bioactive coumarins and HPLC-PDA-ESI-ToF-MS metabolic profiling of edible queule fruits (Gomortega keule), an endangered endemic Chilean species." Food Research International 54.1 (2013): 532-543.
Encyclopedia Sources:
Other resources:
M.A.P.S. Ethnobotanical Studies By Scholars
PubChem - pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov