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Bluebells
Campanula rotundifolia; Campanula alaskana; Campanula dubia; Campanula heterodoxa;
Ezekiel 47:12 "And by the river upon the bank thereof, on this side and on that side, shall grow all trees for meat, whose leaf shall not fade, neither shall the fruit thereof be consumed: it shall bring forth new fruit according to his months, because their waters they issued out of the sanctuary: and the fruit thereof shall be for meat, and the leaf thereof for medicine."
Nicknames: Bluebell-of-scotland, bluebell, roundleaf harebell;[1] American Bellflower, Bluebell Bellflower, Lady’s Thimble, Heathbells[2]
Classification: Perennial;[1] ( They flower on year 2 )
Plant Family: Campanulaceae;[2] Genus: Campanula;[2] Species: C. rotundifolia[2] | Synonyms: (These are different scientific names for the exact same plant): Campanula alaskana, (Gray) W. Wight ex J.P. Anders., Campanula dubia A. DC., Campanula heterodoxa Bong, Campanula intercedens Witasek, Campanula petiolata A. DC., Campanula sacajaweana M.E.[2]
Ethnobotany: I take great pleasure and enjoy being thorough in my writing for this project, and as such have purchased books just to pull facts from! Let's start with what ethnobotany is, and how it is important in society today. Real medicine, like that which the Native Americans used is becoming a long lost tradition, and I intend to bring it back to the mainstream. To illustrate how important these ethnobotanicals are, I want to quote from this book. "The drug discovery process, beginning with a plant used by traditional healers, and ending with a medicine used in a clinical setting, involves many disciplines and often takes many years to complete.."[4] In my own words, it's referring to how phytochemistry, ethnobotany, pharmacology, and pharmacognosy are all related fields of study that tie in to medicine in general. Understanding these fields and what they represent is all that's needed to trace the source of all drugs and medicine back to the garden of Eden, which was the first time a human ate something from the Earth and got high off of it. I'm not the only one that subscribes to this belief, and scholars in the field of ethnobotany also subscribe to this belief.[3]
Bluebells have been used by numerous Native American tribes as heart and ear medicine, and as a fumigant for eyes.[1] Navajo use it as "spiritual medicine" for "protection".[1] I love the Native Americans but I truly believe that this teaching about plants being used for "spiritual protection", is a satanic deception. I can tell you from experience that putting your faith into idols, and charms, will bring a curse upon you. I speak from experience. Turn only to the true Most High God for that, and avoid idolatry.[Exodus 20:4] A few species from this family Campanula, have been used in Russian folk medicine to prepare traditional drugs, and those include C glomerata, C. pericifolia, C rotundifolia, C. bononiensis, C. latifolia, and C. tracelium[7]
Natural Habitat: North America; I chose this plant to add to the database because it was used by many Native American tribes, which means it grows in the United States.
Mixes well with: [?] I don't have experience with this plant yet, and can't speak on this. I add stuff to this segment based on personal experience, and or by my understanding the pharmacology of these different remedies, which makes it easy to tell which ones should synergize together.
OG Observations: This species produces a phytochemical known as lobetyolin[6], which is naturally recurring, being that it exist in numerous plant species. Notice that because it is most abundant in the plant known as Lobelia, that scientist gave it a similar name to indicate this is so. Lobetyolin and Lobelia sound a lot a like for a reason.
What is Phytochemistry? What are Phytochemicals?
Phytochemistry is an important branch of science for those who want to PROVE that herbal remedies work, and are critically important when it comes to medicine, and understanding what our bodies require to be healthy individuals.[8] It studies the pharmacology of plants by isolating various pharmacological chemical constituents, known as phytochemicals. Phytochemicals are drugs and or medicines, that are produced within the plant, as fueld by the process of phytosynthesis. Some examples of the most popular phytochemicals on the planet include: CBD, THC, Morphine, Cocaine, Ibogaine, LSA(precursor to LSD), and the list goes on. These are all God-made drugs that are produced by plants. The truth is that drugs grow from the earth, and serpent medical routinely processes large quantities of dried plant material in the manufacturing of pharmaceutical drugs, hints why big companies like Bouncing Bear Botanicals, and Edens Ethnobotanicals were targeted for their incredible operations. Fortune-500 alladin supremacist cults cheat, in order to trick women into thinking they're attractive, because they fear competition and other men, and can't accomplish things the right way. The occult wants all real medicine to theirselves, and to feed you a fake tainted version of those God-made medicines that you so rightfully deserve. I'm here to bring Native American ethnobotanicals back to the mainstream, so we can combat illness and disease the way that God intended.Phytochemicals: One study looked at the phytochemical makeup of a close relative of C. rotundifolia, and that is Campanula pelviformis. It was found to produce and contain: lobetyolin, calaliukiuenoside, demethylsyrrigin, wahlenoside A, chlorogenic acid methyl and butyl ester, nicotiflorin(also found in Campanula barbata;[6]), rutin and corchoionoside A.[6] Lobetyolin is a polyacetylene.[6] "The first isolation of lobetyolin was from the plant Lobelia inflata"[6] This means that lobetyolin is primarily sourced from the Lobelia plant, hints why scientist named it after the species it is most commonly and abundantly found in. However, phytochemicals such as lobetyolin are naturally recurring, meaning they commonly exist in more than one species. A related strain konwn as Campanula pelviformis is an endemic species that's consumed as a food by the indigenous peoples of Lassithi region of Crete.[6] It produces carbohydrates, proteins, lipids.[6] According to academic literature, the main components of this plant are: flavonoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids and polyacetylenes.[6] It is very likely that Campanula rotundifolia contains some of the same components as Campanula pelviformis, as this is a generally observable trend. On that note, remember that C pelviformis produces Rutin, a complex pharmacological phytochemical. One of the scholarly sources used to write this blog states in reference to Rutin that: "Rutin is also involved in inhibiting α-glucosidase in the gut, helping to maintain normal blood glucose levels. Moreover, compound 8 has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Rutin inhibits the enzyme called protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), which is involved in blood clot formation, strengthens capillaries and brings relief to people suffering from phlebitis"[6] The species generally produces anthocyanins, flaonoids, and phenolic acids.[7]
Anthocyanins: The health benefits of Anthocyanins have been studied and documented in many in vivo and in vitro studies.[10] This means that modern science has gotten on board with peering beneath the surface of these herbal remedies and finding out what it is that makes them medicinal. It's phytochemicals like these, and phytonutrients. "Anthocyanins belong to a large group of compounds, collectively known as flavonoids, which are a subgroup of an even larger group of compounds known as polyphenolics"[10] They're what makes purple Cannabis look purple. "Ghosh and Konishi Citation(2007) summarized the antidiabetic and eye function properties of anthocyanins. (de Pascual-Teresa(2014) discussed the beneficial effects of anthocyanins on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and neurological conditions. Scientist have studied anthocyanins for their biological benefits, including anticancer activity, anti-inflammatory activity, neuroprotective activity"[10] Various strains of Campanula produce anthocyanins, according to most of the academic sources cited on this blog.
Pharmacological / Medicinal Properties:
Above I quote academic sources that tell us that Bluebell(Campanula rotundiflolia) produces lots of phytonutrients. It goes on to tell us that: " It is known that the daily consumption of foods rich in phytonutrients, such as flavonoids and other polyphenols, protects against the development of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including osteoporosis, diabetes and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases."[6] The species of this latter, are known for their: antiallergic, spasmolytic, antiphlogistic, antioxidant, and antiviral properties.[9] Studies have been done on the Campanula retrorsa strain, in order to investigate claims by indigenous cultures about the following properties: "antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, and anti‑inflammatory"[9] The study I cite examines the dichloromethane, methanol, and aqueous crude extracts of C. retrorsa leaves, flowers, and stems.[9] The results of this study concluded that: "Leaf and flower aqueous extracts possessed very high radical scavenging activity = 90%. The dichloromethane extracts of leaves and flowers were the most active against A. baumanii and C. albicans"[9] Once again, modern scientific studies on ancient herbal remdies prove that there is in fact pharmacological properties that ethnobotanicals such as the Bluebell(C rotundifolia and related strains) produces. Based on what I've learned over the last ten years or so, It's very unlikely that these constituents are not recurring among all closely related species in this botanical family. The species of this latter, are known for their: antiallergic, spasmolytic, antiphlogistic, antioxidant, and antiviral properties.[9]Related Ethnobotanicals: Eyebright (Euphrasia officinalis) | Eriodictyon crassifolium | Dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium) | Amyris demifera | Abronia fragrans (Prairie Snowball)
Buy Campanula rotundifolia Here!
Academic citations:
[1] Evergreen University wikis.evergreen.edu shttps://wikis.evergreen.edu/pugetprairieplants/index.php/Campanula_rotundifolia
[2] Utah State University https://extension.usu.edu/rangeplants/forbs-herbaceous/american-bellflower
[3] Clarke, David B., and Marcus A. Doel. "Mushrooms in post-traditional culture: apropos of a book by Terence McKenna." Journal for Cultural Research 15.4 (2011): 389-408.
[6] Tsiftsoglou, Olga S., et al. "Phytochemical analysis of the aerial parts of Campanula pelviformis Lam.(Campanulaceae): Documenting the dietary value of a local endemic plant of Crete (Greece) traditionally used as wild edible green." Sustainability 15.9 (2023): 7404.
[7] BRANDT¹, K., and K. ISHIMARU. "IV Campanula (Bellflower) Species: In Vitro Culture, Micropropagation, and the Production of Anthocyanins, Polyacetylenes, and Other Secondary Metabolites." Medicinal and Aromatic Plants X 10 (1988): 45.
[8] Burrell, R. C. "Phytochemistry. What it is and how it has developed." Journal of Chemical Education 14.11 (1937): 520.
[9] Alhage, Josiane, et al. "In vitro assessment of antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, anti‑inflammatory, and antidiabetic activities of Campanula retrorsa crude extracts." Pharmacognosy Research 10.4 (2018).
[10] Li, Daotong, et al. "Health benefits of anthocyanins and molecular mechanisms: Update from recent decade." Critical reviews in food science and nutrition 57.8 (2017): 1729-1741.
[4] Balick, Michael J., and Paul Alan Cox. Plants, people, and culture: the science of ethnobotany. Garland Science, 2020.
Encyclopedia Sources:
[5] Wikipedia contributors. (2024, July 14). Campanula rotundifolia. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 17:01, December 9, 2024, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Campanula_rotundifolia&oldid=1234539566
Other resources:
M.A.P.S. Ethnobotanical Studies By Scholars
PubChem - pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov